[分享]小寒 | 心中有暖，岁月不寒

1月5日23时05分迎小寒节气。

岁月慕雪，时光不寒，转眼间冬天倒数第二个节气来了。天气虽冷，但心要柔暖，去观察时令风物带来的启示，去感受身边人与人交互带来的温度，去挖掘适合自己的生活信念。

隆冬后，和煦的春天已然不远。


小寒，天最冷、雪最多的节气来了。
风树萧萧，天色青暝隐隐欲雪时，就有大阵的“雪老鸹”过境了。先望见天边有一片奔掩而来的黑云，那黑云的边角时尔伸张，时尔收拢变形，仿佛受着一种神秘力量驱使……及至头顶，阵里传出宛如万马奔腾一般的汹汹声浪。


最后，总有那么十来只、两三只掉队的“哇——！哇——”唳鸣着，落魄而又奋力地追赶前面的大部队。叫人想不通的是，哪怕所有乡村的老鸹都聚到一起，也形成不了这么大的阵势呵！
大树的叶已落尽，平常隐藏在浓密枝叶间的鸟巢一览无余。西北风刮过光秃的枝条，带哨子般呜呜叫，让人不自觉地将头和手往衣服里面缩。
晚上洗过脸的湿毛巾，第二天早上冻得铁硬。水缸里也常常结冰，舀水做饭，常常要拿锅铲把子或是洗衣的槌棒敲冰。冻得红肿的手和耳朵，钻进热被窝一焐，又痒又痛。


晨起推开门，雪花纷纷扬扬，满世界都是冰雕玉砌。“雪盖三层被，枕着馍馍睡”，积雪冻死害虫，又可保住根茎层温度不会降太低，为农作物创造了较好的越冬环境。积雪融化增加土壤水分含量，另外，雪水还有一定的肥田作用。对于农家来说，下雪好，越大越好，瑞雪兆丰年！
古人相信，花开之前会有风来报信。风是守信用的，到时必来，所以叫花信风。花信风从小寒开始吹，有二十四番。小寒到谷雨，八个节气，二十四候，每候对应着一番花信风。小寒有三候，一候梅花，二候山茶，三候水仙。腊梅这便给“候”着了。


背阴墙角一两丛枝条散乱的矮树，平日里一点不起眼，到这时突然就得了灵气，光枝上绽满娇小润洁的金色花瓣。
然而，腊梅非梅，梅是乔木，腊梅是灌木，花瓣似蜡，故能抢在腊月里凌寒绽放。它们被从墙角、篱边或是菜园那头的水塘旁采了来，插在老式花瓶里，插在水杯里、酒瓶子里甚至是泥墙上的缝隙里……四处弥漫着幽幽清香。


原野上已是白茫茫一片，雪地里，一行深深的脚印一直延伸到远处村口的石桥上。石桥那端，一树腊梅的丛枝上缀满繁花，阳光灿烂，地面无风，河水已断流，几缕炊烟正袅袅升起……
这个时候，带了狗到河沿沟坎下撵那些眼睛被耀花了的野兔和野鸡，附带还有慌不择路的黄鼠狼什么的。撵的和被撵的都无法跑快，人喊狗叫，好不刺激热闹！


“小寒忙买办，大寒要过年”，趁着天晴，把过年要用的东西买回来。出行要起早，得“赶冻”走，太阳出来气温逐渐上升，化雪了化冻了，路面就泥泞不堪。
天冷得厉害，小鸟们显得有些可怜，要么缩在檐角避风，要么站在枝头发呆，全然失去往日的活泼劲……但是，只要太阳一露脸，它们就会飞跃着暖身，彻底忘了尘世的风雪和沧桑。
一候“雁北乡”。此时节，阳气已动，大雁开始向北迁移。

二候“鹊始巢”。喜鹊衔草筑巢，准备孵育后代。

三候“雉始雊（gòu）”。古人认为，雉鸡是感受到阳气之萌生而发声的。寒阴至极，春天还会远吗？





所谓“三九补一冬”，天寒地冻之时，人们喜欢吃一口热气腾腾却滋味万千的饭食。无论是南京的煮菜饭，还是广东的糯米饭，一家人围炉而坐，有暖食，有谈笑，身心得以抚慰，就是惬意自在。


梅花自小寒时初绽，探梅寻芳者也日渐增多，若有瑞雪相衬，更添赏心悦目，风雅之致。梅花开，春的气息也渐渐弥漫开来，一日有一日欣欣向上的欢喜。



小寒至，春节的大幕也徐徐拉开。人们开始忙着写春联、剪窗花，逛街买年画、彩灯、置新衣，备年货，好不热闹。辛苦了一年的人们，期待着与家人团圆重聚。

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小寒连大吕，欢鹊垒新巢。”1月5日23时5分，小寒节气来了。小寒是二十四节气中的第23个节气，冬季的第5个节气。标志着一年中最寒冷的日子已经到来。


不过，，天公作美。2023年1月，吉林省平均气温为-15～-14℃，比常年同期略高。中西部为-15.5~-14.5℃，东南部为-15～-14℃，均比常年略高。虽有三次降温过程，但整体感觉还不错。


数九寒冬，是一年中最寒冷的日子，俗话说：“三九补一冬，来年无病痛。”目前，已是二九，此时也是个极好的养生时间。
人们穿上了厚厚的服装，热量就主要从头、手等暴露部位散失。据测试，处于静止状态下不戴帽的人，从其头部散失的热量是很多的。在环境气温为15℃时，从头部散失的热量占人体的总散热量的30%，4℃时占60%，-15℃时占75%。由此可见，头部的保暖与人体的热平衡有着十分密切的关系。


冬令进补在我国历史悠久。古人认为，冬季是生机潜伏、阳气内藏的季节，是保养、积蓄能量的最佳时机，应讲究养藏之道，适时进补，可以增加营养，祛寒气、壮身体。这季节可适当多吃羊肉、牛肉、芹菜、白萝卜、土豆、大白菜、菠菜、苹果、桂圆等。此时也正是亲朋好友相聚，吃麻辣火锅、红焖羊肉的好时节。“三九”养生大家都记得要好好温补。


保暖从养生角度来说就是要暖头、暖足、暖背。数九天，记得睡觉前用热水泡脚，不仅能驱寒消除上班的疲劳，还可以促进睡眠，睡个好觉。

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